What does hypopigmentation refer to?

Hypopigmentation refers to the condition where there is a loss of pigment in the skin. This can manifest as lighter patches or areas on the skin compared to the surrounding areas. It occurs when melanocytes, the cells responsible for the production of melanin (the pigment that gives skin its color), are damaged or decreased in number, leading to insufficient pigmentation. Conditions that can cause hypopigmentation include vitiligo, certain skin injuries, and some medical treatments.

In contrast, an increase in pigment or darkening of the skin would point more towards hyperpigmentation, which is quite the opposite of hypopigmentation. An even skin tone implies uniform pigmentation throughout, rather than a loss of color in specific areas.