What fundamental principle does selective photothermolysis rely on?

Selective photothermolysis fundamentally relies on light absorption. This principle refers to the idea that specific wavelengths of light can be absorbed by targeted chromophores—substances that absorb light—within the skin, such as melanin in hair or hemoglobin in blood. When these chromophores absorb the light energy, it is converted into heat. This localized heating can then effectively damage or destroy the targeted tissue without harming surrounding areas, making it a vital concept in laser therapies, especially in aesthetics and dermatology.

The effectiveness of selective photothermolysis hinges on the specificity of the light wavelength; different chromophores absorb light at different wavelengths. Thus, by carefully selecting the wavelength of the laser, practitioners can optimize treatment for specific conditions, achieving desired results while minimizing side effects.